会议室音响设备中的话筒通常按它转换能量的方式分类。这里我们还是按录音室对话筒通用的分类法，把话筒分为动圈话筒和电容话筒。
Microphones in conference room audio equipment are usually classified according to the way they convert energy. Here, we still divide microphones into dynamic microphones and condenser microphones according to the most common classification of microphones in recording studios.
动圈话筒：由磁场中运动的导体产生电信号的话筒。是由振膜带动线圈振动，从而使在磁场中的线圈感应出电流。特点：结构牢固，性能稳定，经久耐用，较低；频率特性良好，50-15000贬锄频率范围内幅频特性曲线平坦；指向性好；无需直流工作电压，使用简便，噪声小。
Dynamic microphone: a microphone that generates an electrical signal from a conductor moving in a magnetic field. The vibrating membrane drives the coil to vibrate, so that the coil in the magnetic field induces current. Features: firm structure, stable performance, durability and low price; Good frequency characteristics, flat amplitude frequency characteristic curve in the frequency range of 50-15000hz; Good directivity; No DC working voltage, easy to use and low noise.
电容话筒：这类话筒的振膜就是电容器的一个电极，当振膜振动，振膜和固定的后极板间的距离跟着变化，就产生了可变电容量，这个可变电容量和话筒本身所带的前置放大器一起产生了信号电压。
Condenser microphone: the diaphragm of this kind of microphone is an electrode of the capacitor. When the diaphragm vibrates, the distance between the diaphragm and the fixed rear plate changes, resulting in variable capacitance. This variable capacitance and the preamplifier carried by the microphone generate signal voltage together.
特点：频率特性好，在音频范围内幅频特性曲线平坦，这一点优于动圈话筒；无方向性；灵敏度高，噪声小，音色柔和；输出信号电平比较大，失真小，瞬态响应性能好，这是动圈话筒所达不到的优点；工作特性不够稳定，低频段灵敏度随着使用时间的增加而下降，寿命比较短，工作时需要直流电源造成使用不方便。
Features: good frequency characteristics, flat amplitude frequency characteristic curve in the audio range, which is better than dynamic microphone; Non directionality; High sensitivity, low noise and soft tone; The output signal level is relatively large, the distortion is small, and the transient response performance is good, which is an advantage that dynamic microphone can not achieve; The working characteristics are not stable enough, the low-frequency sensitivity decreases with the increase of service time, and the service life is relatively short. DC power supply is required during operation, resulting in inconvenient use.
电容话筒中有前置放大器，当然就得有一个电源，由于体积关系，这个电源一般是放在话筒之外的。除了供给电容器振膜的极化电压外，也为前置放大器的电子管或晶体管供给必要的电压。我们称它为幻象电源。
If there is a preamplifier in a condenser microphone, of course, there must be a power supply. Due to the volume, this power supply is usually placed outside the microphone. In addition to supplying the polarization voltage of the capacitor diaphragm, it also supplies the necessary voltage to the electron tube or transistor of the preamplifier. We call it phantom power.
由于有了这个前置放大器，所以电容话筒相对要灵敏一些，在使用时不可少的一些附属设 备有：防震架（一般会随话筒赠送）、防风罩、防喷罩、的话筒架。如果要进行超近距离的录音工作，一个防喷罩是不可少的。。
With this preamplifier, the condenser microphone should be relatively sensitive. Some indispensable auxiliary equipment in use include: shockproof frame (usually presented with the microphone), wind shield, blowout preventer and high-quality microphone frame. A blowout preventer is indispensable for ultra close recording..
