音响在扩声方面，需要通过电声来控制和提升室内的一直，对于户外音视频系统来说，户外的音质是由电声系统来设计和控制的，它设计的目的是为了保护音响系统的声源和末端扬声器，让它们可以在一个声场区域内，让观众能够感受到真实的声源，提升效果，因此在设计音响工程的时候，要掌握的方法，那么大家了解音响工程的施工方法吗?是不是不清楚呢?接下来我们一起来看看吧!
In the aspect of sound reinforcement, it is necessary to control and improve the indoor sound quality through electro sound. For outdoor audio and video system, the outdoor sound quality is designed and controlled by electro sound system. The purpose of its design is to protect the sound source and end speaker of sound system, so that they can be in a sound field area, so that the audience can feel the real sound source and improve the effect, Therefore, in the design of sound engineering, to master the method, then we understand the construction method of professional sound engineering? Is it not clear? Next, let's have a look!
一、扩声系统的设计条件
1、 Design conditions of sound reinforcement system
为了达到良好的音质，扩声系统的设计需要满足一些必要的条件，这是整个音响系统声学指标设计的基本要求。
In order to achieve good sound quality, the design of sound reinforcement system needs to meet some necessary conditions, which is the basic requirement of the acoustic index design of the whole sound system.
1、需要低背景噪音
1. Low background noise is required
用于扩声的大厅和房间需要具有低背景噪音。噪音可能不仅在室外齿窜惭语料，也可能在室内齿窜惭语料，如移动时空调、通风设备和光学设备产生的噪音。应采取措施尽可能降低听力环境的噪音。
Halls and rooms used for sound reinforcement need to have low background noise. Noise may be generated not only in outdoor XZM corpus, but also in indoor XZM corpus, such as mobile spatiotemporal modulation, ventilation equipment and optical equipment. Measures should be taken to reduce the noise in the listening environment as much as possible.
过大的噪音将导致扩声系统的清晰度和可懂度降低，这使得音响系统难以达到所需的音质。增加设备的输出功率以提高输出声压级可能导致声音反馈，使系统无法稳定工作。
Excessive noise will reduce the clarity and intelligibility of the sound reinforcement system, which makes it difficult for the sound system to achieve the required sound quality. Increasing the output power of the equipment to improve the output sound pressure level may lead to sound feedback, which makes the system unable to work stably.
2、音响工程应具有均匀合理的声压级
2. Professional sound engineering should have uniform and reasonable sound pressure level
根据不同类型的扩声要求室内声压级达到一定值。具体来说，音乐放大应达到平均声压级80词85分贝，语言放大70词75分贝，背景音乐60词70分贝，不均匀性应控制在4分贝以内。这就要求扩声系统要有足够的输出功率和声音增益，室内声场要均匀扩散，近时反射声要充分合理利用，音箱的辐射特性和放置位置要合理选择。
According to different types of sound reinforcement requirements, the indoor sound pressure level reaches a certain value. Specifically, music amplification should reach an average sound pressure level of 80 ~ 85 dB, language amplification of 70 ~ 75 dB, background music of 60 ~ 70 dB, and non-uniformity should be controlled within 4 dB. This requires that the sound reinforcement system should have enough output power and sound gain, the indoor sound field should be evenly diffused, the near-time reflected sound should be fully and reasonably utilized, and the radiation characteristics and placement position of the speaker should be reasonably selected.
3、确保清晰
3. Ensure clarity
扩声系统应确保声音的清晰度和语言的可懂度。这一要求对于语音强化场合尤为重要，一般认为辅音清晰度的容许损失率不应超过15%。对于主要专注于音乐回放或扩声的厅堂，这个指标可以适当放宽，但需要更好的音效。
The sound reinforcement system shall ensure the clarity of sound and the intelligibility of language. This requirement is particularly important for speech enhancement. It is generally believed that the allowable loss rate of consonant articulation should not exceed 15%. For halls that mainly focus on music playback or sound reinforcement, this index can be relaxed appropriately, but better sound effects are needed.
4、音响工程应确保系统能够稳定工作
4. Professional audio engineering should ensure that the system can work stably
当音响系统达到规定的平均声压级时，应具有足够的声音反馈稳定裕度，以确保系统不会因反馈而自激和尖叫。通常，反馈稳定裕度要求为6诲叠。
When the sound system reaches the specified average sound pressure level, it should have enough sound feedback stability margin to ensure that the system will not self excite and scream due to feedback. Generally, the feedback stability margin is required to be 6dB.
5、声像与图像基本一致
5. The sound image is basically consistent with the image
一个成功的扩音系统应该保证声像与图像一致，这样观众就不会注意到扩音设备的存在，就像他们直接从舞台上听到声音一样。
A successful public address system should ensure that the sound image is consistent with the image, so that the audience will not notice the existence of the public address equipment, just as they hear the sound directly from the stage.
6、应具有良好的传输频率特性和低失真
6. It should have good transmission frequency characteristics and low distortion
音频系统应具有宽而平坦的频率响应和低失真。
The audio system should have wide and flat frequency response and low distortion.
对于音响工程设计的基本方法，上述内容中已经为大家总结完了，从中我们了解到，想要达到的扩声效果，需要需要低背景噪音、应具有均匀合理的声压级、确保清晰的音效、确保系统能够稳定工作、声像与图像要一致、应具有良好的传输频率特性和低失真率，大家在施工的时候，可以参考上面的方法哦!
As for the basic methods of sound engineering design, the above contents have been summarized for you. We know that to achieve professional sound reinforcement effect, we need low background noise, uniform and reasonable sound pressure level, clear sound effect, stable operation of the system, consistent sound image and image, good transmission frequency characteristics and low fidelity, We can refer to the above methods when we are in construction!
