一、软调空间更适合聆听音乐
1、 Soft tone space is more suitable for listening to music
地板、天花板、四壁采用夹板、石膏板或木板钉成的空间属于软调空间,以钢筋水泥或砖砌的空间称硬调空间.目前我国大部分居住环境都属于硬调空间.
The space nailed with plywood, gypsum board or wood board on the floor, ceiling and four walls belongs to soft adjustable space, and the space built with reinforced cement or brick is called hard adjustable space. At present, most living environments in China belong to hard adjustable space
因为硬调空间不能适当吸收多余的高音与中低音,造成聆听音乐时高音过于刺耳或中低音过于沉闷的缺点.虽然软调空间也可能存在低音吸收过量而产生低音不够坚实的缺点,不过,实践证明,软调空间仍然比较适合聆听音乐.
Because the hard tone space can not properly absorb the redundant treble and bass, resulting in the disadvantage that the treble is too harsh or the bass is too dull when listening to music. Although the soft tone space may also have the disadvantage that the bass is not solid enough due to excessive bass absorption, practice has proved that the soft tone space is still more suitable for listening to music
二、反射、吸收与扩散叁者巧运用
2、 Skillful application of reflection, absorption and diffusion
精心调配反射、吸收与扩散声波,目的就是要得到温暖、饱满、柔和、丰润、清彻、透明的声音.
The purpose of carefully preparing, reflecting, absorbing and diffusing sound waves is to get warm, full, soft, rich, clear and transparent sound
叁、大空间比小空间好
3、 Large space is better than small space
大空间的容积较大,音箱发出的声波受边界(六面墙)扭曲影响较小,得到的声音比较正确.在大空间中,如果能适当调配,所得到的声音会比较轻松、均匀与正确,而且低频下潜更深.于驻波,虽然大空间也不可能完全避免,但危害的程度相对较低.
The volume of the large space is large, and the sound wave emitted by the speaker is less affected by the distortion of the boundary (six walls), so the sound obtained is relatively correct. In the large space, if it can be properly adjusted, the sound obtained will be easier, uniform and correct, and the low-frequency dive will be deeper. As for the standing wave, although it is impossible to completely avoid in the large space, the degree of harm is relatively low
家庭影院
Home theater
四、器材搭配要适当
4、 The equipment shall be properly matched
每个音响空间都会有自己的声音特色.这些声音特色还需配合适当的音箱,才能发挥红花绿叶之效.音响空间布置越好,搭配范围越宽.反之,如果音响空间布置得不理想,则只能找到少数的器材来适应如此偏颇的空间.空间大小不同,搭配的音箱也不同.在小空间里配大音箱或大空间里用小音箱都会徒劳无功.这要靠丰富的经验才能达到的效果.
Each sound space will have its own sound characteristics. These sound characteristics need to be matched with appropriate speakers in order to give full play to the effect of red flowers and green leaves. The better the sound space layout, the wider the matching range. On the contrary, if the sound space layout is not ideal, only a few equipment can be found to adapt to such a biased space. The space sizes are different, The matching speakers are also different. It will be futile to match a large speaker in a small space or use a small speaker in a large space. It depends on rich experience to achieve the perfect effect
五、理性的发烧友应将排他性降低
5、 Rational enthusiasts should reduce exclusivity
每位发烧友难免会因为长期处于自己的音响空间,而产生自己的聆听习惯与偏好,并以这些习惯与偏好为基准,去评判他人的音响空间与聆听习惯、偏好,很容易对他人做负面评判.因此,当听到不同的声音表现时,不要作出任何排他性评论,而应尝试发现他人音响效果的长处.
It is inevitable that every enthusiast will have his own listening habits and preferences because he has been in his own sound space for a long time, and judge others' sound space, listening habits and preferences based on these habits and preferences, which is easy to make negative judgments on others. Therefore, when listening to different sound performances, don't make any exclusive comments first, Instead, try to discover the strengths of others' sound effects
六、尽量把硬调空间改造为软调空间
6、 Try to transform the hard tone space into soft tone space
如果要将硬调空间变成软调空间,可以改造四面墙壁.例如用石膏板钉成夹层,夹层内铺上玻纤棉.这样既不会减小很多夹层空间,也可以改善隔音效果.采用石膏板或夹板的原因是因为薄夹板或木心板容易吸收中音,而石膏板由于较重,吸收的低音较多,对聆听音乐的负面影响较小.此外,石膏板是防火材料,用来做夹层比较.
If you want to turn the hard tone space into a soft tone space, you can first transform the four walls. For example, use gypsum board to nail it into an interlayer, and lay glass fiber cotton in the interlayer. This will not reduce a lot of interlayer space, but also improve the sound insulation effect. The reason for using gypsum board or splint is that thin splint or wood core board is easy to absorb midrange, while gypsum board absorbs more bass due to its heavy weight, In addition, gypsum board is a fireproof material, which is safer to be used as interlayer
七、 二次余数扩散器十分好用
7、 The quadratic remainder diffuser is very easy to use
扩散就是音箱发出的声波无论从何方向射入,都会向各方向均匀反射.一般的声波反射通常是定向的.理论上,只要反射面的长度大于声波波长,则所有波长比反射面短的声波都会反射到某个方向.音响空间需要的是扩散,而不是定向反射.因为扩散会使室内的声波更均匀,而定向反射只会对某个局部产生影响.
Diffusion means that the sound wave emitted by the speaker will be uniformly reflected in all directions no matter what direction it enters. Generally, the sound wave reflection is usually directional. Theoretically, as long as the length of the reflecting surface is greater than the sound wave wavelength, all sound waves with shorter wavelength than the reflecting surface will be reflected in a certain direction. What the sound space needs is diffusion, not directional reflection. Because diffusion will make the sound wave in the room more uniform, Directional reflection only affects a certain part
八、音响空间的音响效果应以现场音乐为标准
8、 The sound effect of sound space shall be based on live music
音响空间音响效果的标准并不是特别的,而是多重的.音响效果的标准以现场音乐的演奏效果为准.现场音乐的音响效果并不是特别的,而是多重的.就古典音乐而言,世界上有许多杰出的音乐厅,它们各有不同的声音特性.有的温暖,有的饱满,有的澄澈透明,有的低频丰富,有的声音包围感很好,这些音乐厅的声音特性各有所长.
The standard of sound effect in sound space is not special, but multiple. The standard of sound effect is subject to the performance effect of live music. The sound effect of live music is not special, but multiple. As for classical music, there are many outstanding concert halls in the world, each with different sound characteristics. Some are warm, some are full, some are clear and transparent, and some are rich in low frequency, Some have a good sense of surround, and the sound characteristics of these concert halls have their own advantages
受不可知的录音场地声音特性、录音器材声音特性、重播器材声音特性以及音响空间的声音特性四重影响,发烧友只能以现场音乐的表现为准,而且是多重标准.
Influenced by the unknown sound characteristics of recording venues, recording equipment, replay equipment and sound space, enthusiasts can only take the performance of live music as the standard, and there are multiple standards
九、驻波只宜智取
9、 Standing waves should only be taken wisely
驻波就是空间的共振现象,只要两对立平行墙面的距离等于半波长的整倍数,就会出现共振,产生驻波.如果空间内叁组平行墙面分别产生的驻波有频率重迭,就会形成更强的驻波.驻波并不只有单一频率,其频率范围很广,人们无法用某种措施准确地"抵销"它.同时,驻波的能量很强,通常比正常音乐的声压要高许多分贝,因此不能用"微调"的调声秘技应对.对付驻波好的方法就是用音箱摆位以及变换聆听位置的方式来避开.
Standing wave is the resonance phenomenon of space. As long as the distance between two opposite parallel walls is equal to the integral multiple of half wavelength, resonance will occur and standing wave will be generated. If the frequencies of standing waves generated by three groups of parallel walls in space overlap, stronger standing wave will be formed. Standing wave does not have only a single frequency, but its frequency range is very wide, so people can not accurately "offset" it with some measures. At the same time, The energy of standing wave is very strong, which is usually many decibels higher than the sound pressure of normal music, so we can't deal with it with the secret technique of "fine tuning". A good way to deal with standing wave is to avoid it by placing speakers and changing listening positions
十、空间要作表面处理
10、 The space shall be surface treated
将音响空间由硬调变为软调后,接着应按照"前硬、中吸、后扩散"的方法进行表面处理.所谓"前硬",是指房间的前段(音箱后墙与音箱之间)尽量不要添加吸收材料,否则必须增大功放的输出功率才会使声音坚实.如果功放输出功率不很大,音箱也不是很大,建议后墙不要钉石膏板.所谓"中吸",就是对音箱与聆听位置之间的两侧墙作吸音表面处理.目的是削弱一次反射音,提高定位感和清晰度,避免声音太亮太刺耳."中吸"的作法很多,便宜而有效的材料是玻纤棉.以厚5厘米、每立方米重量为20千克的玻纤棉为例,它对500赫兹以上的频率有高达85%的吸音率.可以将玻纤棉包好(千万不要裸露),作成像框形状,成为效果相当好的两侧墙一次反射音吸收体.
After changing the sound space from hard tone to soft tone, the surface treatment shall be carried out according to the method of "front hard, middle suction and rear diffusion". The so-called "front hard" means that the front section of the room (between the rear wall of the speaker and the speaker) shall not add absorbing materials as much as possible, otherwise the output power of the power amplifier must be increased to make the sound solid. If the output power of the power amplifier is not very large, the speaker is not very large, It is suggested that the back wall should not be nailed with gypsum board. The so-called "medium absorption" refers to the sound-absorbing surface treatment of the walls on both sides between the speaker and the listening position. The purpose is to weaken the primary reflected sound, improve the sense of positioning and clarity, and avoid the sound too bright and harsh. There are many methods of "medium absorption", and the cheap and effective material is glass fiber cotton. Take the glass fiber cotton with a thickness of 5cm and a weight of 20kg per cubic meter as an example, It has a sound absorption rate of up to 85% for frequencies above 500 Hz. It can wrap glass fiber cotton (do not expose it) into the shape of imaging frame to become a primary reflected sound absorber on both sides of the wall with good effect
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