音响一般情况下指的是用于歌舞厅、卡拉翱碍厅、剧场剧院、会议室和体育场馆等文娱场所的音响，音响的灵敏度较高，放音声压高，力度好，承受功率大。那么，音箱设备有哪些组成?
In general, professional sound refers to the sound used in professional entertainment places such as song and dance halls, karaoke halls, theaters, conference rooms and stadiums. Professional sound has high sensitivity, high sound pressure, good strength and high bearing power. So, what are the components of professional speaker equipment?
音响设备由监听调音台;功放调音台;便携式调音台;功率放大器;动圈话筒;电容话筒;无线话筒;音箱;监听音箱;功放音箱;超低音箱;均衡器;混响器;效果器;延时器;压缩器;限幅器;分音器;噪声门;激光唱机;录音卡座;影碟机;投影机;变调器;点歌器;耳机等众多设备组成。
Professional audio equipment consists of monitoring mixer; Power amplifier mixer; Portable mixer; Power amplifier; Moving coil microphone; Condenser microphone; Wireless microphone; loudspeaker box; Monitor speaker; Power amplifier speaker; Subwoofer; Equalizer; Reverberators; Effector; Delay device; Compressor; limiter; Sound splitter; Noise gate; CD player; Recording card holder; DVD Player; Projector; Modulator; Song ordering device; Headphones and many other devices.
扬声器有多种分类式：按其换能方式可分为电动式、电磁式、压电式、数字式等多种;按振膜结构可分为单纸盆、复合纸盆、复合号筒、同轴等多种;按振膜开头可分为锥盆式、球顶式、平板式、带式等多种;按重放频可分为高频、中频、低频和全频带扬声器;按磁路形式可分为外磁式、内磁式、双磁路式和屏蔽式等多种;按磁路性质可分为铁氧体磁体、钕硼磁体、铝镍钴磁体扬声器;按振膜材料可分纸质和非纸盆扬声器等。
There are many types of loudspeakers: according to their energy conversion methods, they can be divided into electric, electromagnetic, piezoelectric, digital and so on; According to the diaphragm structure, it can be divided into single paper basin, composite paper basin, composite horn, coaxial and so on; According to the beginning of diaphragm, it can be divided into cone basin type, ball top type, plate type, belt type and so on; According to the playback frequency, it can be divided into high frequency, medium frequency, low frequency and full band speakers; According to the form of magnetic circuit, it can be divided into external magnetic type, internal magnetic type, double magnetic circuit type and shielding type; According to the properties of magnetic circuit, it can be divided into ferrite magnet, neodymium boron magnet, aluminum nickel cobalt magnet and loudspeaker; According to the diaphragm material, it can be divided into paper and non paper speakers.
箱体用来扬声器单元的声短路，抑制其声共振，拓宽其频响范围，减少失真。音箱的箱体外形结构有书架式和落地式之分，还有立式和卧式之分。箱体内部结构又有密闭式、倒相式、带通式、空纸盆式、迷宫式、对称驱动式和号筒式等多种形式，使用多的是密闭式、倒相式和带通式。
The box is used to eliminate the acoustic short circuit of the speaker unit, suppress its acoustic resonance, broaden its frequency response range and reduce distortion. The shape structure of the speaker box can be divided into bookshelf type and floor type, as well as vertical and horizontal. The internal structure of the box body has many forms, such as closed type, inverted type, belt type, empty paper basin type, labyrinth type, symmetrical driving type and horn type. Most of them are closed type, inverted type and belt type.
分频器有功率分频和电子分频器的区别，两者主要作用都是频带分割、幅频特性与相频特性校正、阻抗补偿与衰减等作用。功率分频器又叫无源式后级分频器，是在功率功放之后进行分频的。它主要由电感、电阻、电容等无源组件组成滤波器网络，把各频段的音频信号分别送到相应频段的扬声器中去重放。它的特点就是成本低，结构简单，适合业余之作，缺点就是插入损耗大，效率低，瞬态特性较差。
Frequency dividers are different from power frequency dividers and electronic frequency dividers. Their main functions are band division, correction of amplitude frequency characteristics and phase frequency characteristics, impedance compensation and attenuation. The power divider, also known as the passive rear stage divider, divides the frequency after the power amplifier. It mainly consists of passive components such as inductance, resistance and capacitance to form a filter network, which sends the audio signals of each frequency band to the speakers of the corresponding frequency band for playback. Its characteristics are low cost, simple structure and suitable for amateur works. Its disadvantages are large insertion loss, low efficiency and poor transient characteristics.
